Volcanoes
Volcanoes are the vents or openings that expel molten rock or magma from the earth's interior. The earth's interior has very high temperature and pressure that can cause rocks to melt as well as dissolve other substances. Earth needs to release the excess heat underneath; thus volcanoes are important in maintaining the thermal balance of Earth's system.
There are two types of volcanoes according to their activity, or how often they erupt. ACTIVE volcanoes are those that have erupted over the last 10 000 years and still continue to erupt. The Philippines has 21 active volcanoes , including the famous Mt.Mayon , which is probably the most active .INACTIVE volcanoes,on the other hand are those that do not erupt as of today but has the potential to do so. Mt.Pinatubo in Pampanga , for example, was considered an inactive volcano until991, when it erupt. It's eruption is now recorded as the second largest eruption in 20th century.`
Types of volcanoes
The type of materials that volcanoes may eject during their eruption determines their shape and size. Based on these characteristics, volcanoes may be classify into three different types: COMPOSITE(strato volcano), CINDER CONE,and SHIELD VOLCANOES.
Composite volcano- are characterized by symmetrical cones and a steep side made up of alternating layers of lava flows. This alternating composition also gives rise to it's stratification (formation of layers); thus, composite volcanoes are also called strato volcanoes.
Cinder cone volcano - are simple volcanoes which have a bowl-shaped crater at the summit and only grow to about a thousand feet, the size of a hill. They usually are created of eruptions from a single opening, unlike a composite volcano or shield volcano which can erupt from many different openings.
Volcanic Eruption
An eruption occurs when magma, along with several other materials, is ejected into the volcano's vent.Generally, some of the effects observed during an eruption include earthquakes, release of ash clouds that results in darkening of the sky, lahar (mud flows created when lava mixes with water) and flash floods, acid rain, and tsunamis especially if the volcano is located near the coastline.
The reasons for the eruption of volcanoes include the:
*buoyancy of magma
* the pressure in dissolved gases
* and the addition of magma in the magma chamber.
An eruption occurs when magma, along with several other materials, is ejected into the volcano's vent.Generally, some of the effects observed during an eruption include earthquakes, release of ash clouds that results in darkening of the sky, lahar (mud flows created when lava mixes with water) and flash floods, acid rain, and tsunamis especially if the volcano is located near the coastline.
The reasons for the eruption of volcanoes include the:
*buoyancy of magma
* the pressure in dissolved gases
* and the addition of magma in the magma chamber.
The different types of magma are:
*Andesitic magma
*Andesitic magma
*Basaltic magma
*Felsic magma
The different types of lava flow include the :
*a'a lava
* pahoehoe lava
*pillow lava
Energy from volcanoes
Geothermal energy is stored energy from deep inside earth. A geothermal reservoir is the location in Earth where energy can be harvested. The geothermal power plant is a power plant where geothermal energy is converted into electricity.The types of geothermal power plants include dry steam, flash steam, and binary cycle power plants.Geothermal energy is a renewable and sustainable resource; but it's production can als cause pollution, especially if done without proper management.
Dry steam power plants are the first type of power plants to be built.
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*Felsic magma
The different types of lava flow include the :
*a'a lava
* pahoehoe lava
*pillow lava
Energy from volcanoes
Geothermal energy is stored energy from deep inside earth. A geothermal reservoir is the location in Earth where energy can be harvested. The geothermal power plant is a power plant where geothermal energy is converted into electricity.The types of geothermal power plants include dry steam, flash steam, and binary cycle power plants.Geothermal energy is a renewable and sustainable resource; but it's production can als cause pollution, especially if done without proper management.
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